Einschränkungen der Lungenfunktion durch Asbest

Die durchgeführte Literaturrecherche ergab, dass früher gegenüber Asbest exponierte Arbeiter mit normalen Röntgenthoraxbefunden (einschließlich Thorax-CT-Scans) signifikante Einschränkungen der Lungenfunktion aufwiesen. Dies gilt sowohl für statische und dynamische Parameter als auch für den CO-Transferfaktor der Lunge (TLCO). Ein Großteil der veröffentlichten Arbeiten weist infolge ihres Querschnittscharakters und dadurch fehlenden Längsschnittdaten und infolge Selektionsverzerrungen eine geringe Sensitivität auf. Die funktionellen Auswirkungen sind bei den Arbeitern mit asbestbedingten Pleuraanomalien oder Asbestose und bei Vorliegen beider Veränderungen stärker ausgeprägt als bei den Arbeitern mit normalen Röntgenthoraxbefunden. Viele Studien dokumentieren den synergistischen Effekt des Rauchens in Bezug auf die Einschränkung der Lungenfunktion; aber auch die Asbestbelastung allein kann bei fehlenden radiologischen Befunden zu Einschränkungen führen. Leider wurden detailliertere und sensitivere Untersuchungen wie Längsschnittstudien mit Messungen der TLCO, der Lungencompliance und Belastungstests mittels Ergospirometrie sehr selten durchgeführt und stehen in der interessierenden Studiengruppe kaum zur Verfügung. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass selbst empfindliche Thorax-CT-Scans keine exakten Lungenfunktionsdaten liefern und spezifische Lungenfunktionstests nicht ersetzen können. Es ist möglich, dass mittels Unterstützung durch KI die Computertomografie in Zukunft funktionelle Einschränkungen besser abschätzen kann.Lung Function Changes After Asbestos Exposure

Aerotoxic syndrome after fume events

Health consequences of exposure to aircraft contaminated air and fume events: a narrative review and medical protocol for the investigation of exposed aircrew and passengers
by Burdon J, Budnik LT, Baur X, et al. Health consequences of exposure to aircraft contaminated air and fume events: a narrative review and medical protocol for the investigation of exposed aircrew and passengers. Environmental Health. 2023;22(1):22-43.

Thermally degraded engine oil and hydraulic fluid fumes contaminating aircraft cabin air conditioning systems have been well documented since the 1950s. Whilst organophosphates have been the main subject of interest, oil and hydraulic fumes in the air supply also contain ultrafine particles, numerous volatile organic hydrocarbons and thermally degraded products. We review the literature on the effects of fume events on aircrew health. Inhalation of these potentially toxic fumes is increasingly recognised to cause acute and long-term neurological, respiratory, cardiological and other symptoms. Cumulative exposure to regular small doses of toxic fumes is potentially damaging to health and may be exacerbated by a single higher-level exposure. Assessment is complex because of the limitations of considering the toxicity of individual substances in complex heated mixtures.
https://ehjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12940-023-00987-8

There is a need for a systematic and consistent approach to diagnosis and treatment of persons who have been exposed to toxic fumes in aircraft cabins. The medical protocol presented in this paper has been written by internationally recognised experts and presents a consensus approach to the recognition, investigation and management of persons suffering from the toxic effects of inhaling thermally degraded engine oil and other fluids contaminating the air conditioning systems in aircraft, and includes actions and investigations for in-flight, immediately post-flight and late subsequent follow up.

Malignant mesothelioma in females: the institutional failure by WHO and IARC to protect the public health

Malignant mesothelioma in females: the institutional failure by WHO and IARC to protect the public health

Collegium Ramazzini Statement on Russia's war on Ukraine

https://collegiumramazzini.org/news

The Collegium Ramazzini is an international scientific society that examines critical issues in
occupational and environmental medicine with a view towards action to prevent disease and
promote health. The Collegium derives its name from Bernardino Ramazzini, the father of
occupational medicine, a professor of medicine of the Universities of Modena and Padua in the
late 1600s and the early 1700s. The Collegium is comprised of 180 physicians and scientists
from 35 countries, each of whom is elected to membership. The Collegium is independent of
commercial interests.
The Collegium Ramazzini joins its scientific colleagues around the world in condemning
Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine. The Russian invasion is a violation of Article 2 of
the UN Charter, which states that “all States have the obligation to refrain in their international
relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence
of any State.” Russia’s invasion has resulted in more than 100,000 military and an untold number
of civilian deaths and injuries, and displaced over 12 million people. Attacks on civilian
populations have destroyed more than 100,000 private homes, 15,000 apartment buildings, 1,118
schools, and 978 medical facilities. In addition, 27% of Ukraine is contaminated with landmines
and unexploded ordnance, which will continue to pose hazards for decades.
As public health humanitarians, we condemn Russia’s acts of terror against civilians. In
addition to Russia’s killing and injuring civilians with indiscriminate weapons and targeted
attacks, we condemn the deliberate targeting of civilian energy and water infrastructure,
destruction of schools and health-care facilities, use of sexual violence as a weapon, deportation
of children, and atrocities committed against civilians in Bucha, Izium and elsewhere. We
condemn the attempts to destroy Ukraine’s cultural heritage by destroying churches and
museums and looting Ukrainian art and cultural artifacts.
As scientists investigating the interface of environmental pollution and human health, we
condemn Russia for its devastating damage to Ukraine’s environment, including air, water, and
soil pollution; conflict-related fires; toxic releases and spills; flooding of mines; and habitat and
ecosystem destruction. The 1998 Statute of the International Criminal Court treats armed attacks
that cause widespread, long-term and severe damage to the environment as war crimes. We
condemn Russia’s military seizure of the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant (ZNPP), the first-
ever takeover of a nuclear power plant, which is prohibited by the Protocol 1 Amendment to the
Geneva Conventions. The military takeover increases the risks radiation exposure to nuclear
plant workers and the general population. A radiation release from the ZNPP as a result of
military activities could spread over two million square kilometers and expose one million
people to radiation.
As an academy of experts that promotes the fundamental right to a safe and healthful
work environment, we condemn Russia for worsening economic instability in Ukraine. Nearly
five million jobs have been lost since the war began and real wages have dropped by over 11%.
Sixty percent of those who fled to other regions of Ukraine are still out of work. The war
threatens to lower labor standards and has weakened enforcement of occupational regulations,
creating unsafe working conditions that further jeopardize the security and safety of civilians at
work.

Russia’s cutoff of oil and gas to Europe has resulted in an energy crisis and surge in fuel costs
globally. Russia’s military takeover of Ukraine’s agricultural land, destruction of grain storage
facilities, and impairment of shipments from Ukrainian seaports threatens the food security of
400 million people, especially in Africa and Asia. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has resulted in an
estimated $2.8 trillion in lost global output by the end of 2022. These are funds that could have
been used for health care, food security, and the climate crisis.
We insist that Russia immediately withdraw from Ukraine’s occupied territories and halt
its aggression.
We urge the global community to support Ukraine in its post-war recovery and
reconstruction.
The Collegium is committed to assist Ukraine in efforts to achieve lasting peace, health,
and sustainable development.